Himmelsbrief (Letter of Protection)

Folk magic

Tradition · Pennsylvania Dutch Braucherei
Alternate Names
HimmelsbriefHeaven's letterLetter from heavenSchutzbrief
Kind
Practice
Region
Pennsylvania German country, and the German-settled valleys southward; printed in Germany and in Pennsylvania
Era
Seventeenth-century German origin; carried in Pennsylvania from the eighteenth century
Background

The Himmelsbrief, the 'heaven's letter', is a protective text that a person carries folded on the body: a broadside or a small printed sheet purporting to be a letter from heaven, promising that whoever carries it faithfully will be preserved from fire, water, sudden death, the enemy and the evil one. The genre is German and older than Pennsylvania - Himmelsbriefe were printed in Germany from the seventeenth century - and in Pennsylvania they were sold and carried alongside the charms of the Long Lost Friend, folded small and sewn into a coat or a pocketbook. It is the clearest case in the corpus of a Christian devotional object used as an amulet.

Practice

The letter is bought or given, folded, and carried on the person - sewn into clothing, kept in a pocketbook, placed in a house or a barn - and it is not read as ordinary correspondence: it is a text whose presence protects, and the tradition's rules are about keeping it, not about reciting it. Variants were printed with a promise attached, and some were used for livestock and for the household as well as for the person. The Long Lost Friend prints related charms and passes between the two genres freely.

Purpose
To protect the person who carries it from harm, fire, water, sudden death and malevolent influence
Materials
Sea SaltHyssop
Tools
Sacred Book
Psalms
Psalm
91
Use
the psalm most closely associated with the letter's promise of protection
Deity or saint
Jesus Christ
Keywords
HimmelsbriefHeavens letterSchutzbriefProtectionAmuletBroadsidePennsylvania germanBraucherei
Magical Uses
ProtectionSafe travelHome blessingWarding
Ethical Note

The Himmelsbrief is a devotional object of Christian households and was printed, sold and given within a community that understood it as an act of faith; it is not a spell that anyone may download and print to order. The genre also has a long history of being counterfeited and sold to the credulous - the promise attached to the text made it a good product - and the modern trade in 'protection papers' reproduces that trade rather than the practice. The corpus records the object and not a text to be copied.

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